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This comprehensive report, prepared for the Foreign Affairs Committee of the French National Assembly, offers an updated assessment of France’s evolving relationship with the Global South. It traces the historical roots of French engagement since decolonisation, examines its current regional strategies, and analyses how domestic politics and EU dynamics shape its global role. ​ As global competition intensifies, the report highlights how France can reposition itself as a principled, values-driven partner — balancing security, development, and climate ambitions while strengthening credibility through coherence with the European Union.